Det Palæstinensiske flygtninge problem opstod af en politisk plan, hvis mål var etnisk udrensning og berøvelse af land. De triste resultater af denne strategi er tydelige i de palæstinensiske flygtningelejre og i forbindelse med palæstinensiske eksil. Med denne politik forsøgte man at skabe et hjemland i palæstina udelukkende for jøder.
The Palestinian refugee problem arose from a policy of ethnic cleansing and deprivation of land. The sad results of this strategy are visible in the Palestinian refugee-camps and in the Palestinian exile. With this policy, an attempt to create a homeland in Palestine exclusively for Jews has been made.
Yes, "in the Palestinian exile" sounds good to me and it doesn't affect the meaning I think. But ....can't you write:"and in relation to the Palestinian exile"?
It doesn't say in the source who the "one" is, but you are right (again) ... it must be the government or some authority in the country.
So, let's make this clear.
1- you ask if you can write: "and in relation to the Palestinian exile". Well, that's a possible sentence, however in this case you have to match this part with the rest of the sentence giving after the preposition the same kind of grammatical category (in this case a noun):
"The sad results of this strategy are visible in the Palestinian refugee-camps and in the Palestinian exile."
About that "one" if it's not clear that it is "the government", perhaps it would be better turning the sentence into passive.
"With this policy, an attempt to create a homeland in Palestine exclusively for Jews has been (is being) made."